穴位别名:天牖,
天窗(部分古籍或民间误写/混用)。
English Aliases:
Heavenly Window (SJ-16),
Tianyou,
Celestial Window Point
穴位位置
在颈部,胸锁乳突肌后缘,平下颌角,当翳风(SJ-17)与扶突(LI-18)之间。
English (WHO Standard Description):
On the neck, posterior to the sternocleidomastoid muscle,
at the level of the angle of the mandible, between Yifeng (SJ-17) and Futu (LI-18).
找穴方法
找到下颌角(耳垂下方的下巴骨角),
触摸颈侧明显的胸锁乳突肌,
在胸锁乳突肌后缘,平下颌角处,
按压有酸胀感,即为天牖穴。
English Method:
Locate the angle of the mandible
Identify the sternocleidomastoid muscle on the side of the neck
Find the point at the posterior border of this muscle at the same level
Tender depression indicates SJ-16
按摩手法
手法:拇指或食指点按、按揉,可配合颈部上下推揉
力度:中等(不宜过重)
时间:1–2 分钟
⚠️ 注意:颈部血管丰富,避免强压或长时间用力按住
Technique: Apply point pressure or kneading with the thumb or index finger, and gently rub along the neck upward and downward
Pressure: Moderate (avoid excessive force)
Duration: 1–2 minutes
⚠️ Caution: The neck contains major blood vessels — avoid strong or prolonged pressure
深度:直刺 0.5–1 寸
艾灸:10–15 分钟
English
Insertion: Perpendicular insertion, 0.5–1 cun
Moxibustion: 10–15 minutes
针刺手法
直刺0.5~1.0寸(约1.5-3厘米)。进针后局部出现酸胀感为最佳效果。
穴位功效
疏风清热,
利咽开窍,
通络止痛,
聪耳明目。
English Functions:
Dispels wind and clears heat,
Benefits the throat and opens the orifices,
Unblocks channels and relieves pain,
Benefits hearing and vision
适用症状
耳鸣、耳聋,
咽喉肿痛、喉痹,
颈项强痛,
头痛、眩晕,
面瘫、口眼歪斜。
English Indications:
Tinnitus and deafness,
Sore throat and throat obstruction,
Neck stiffness and pain,
Headache and dizziness,
Facial paralysis
穴位禁忌
禁止深刺、强刺,
避免刺向颈动脉方向,
孕妇及体弱者针刺需谨慎。
按摩不可用力过猛。
English:
Avoid deep or forceful needling
Do not needle toward the carotid artery
Use caution in pregnant or weak patients
Avoid overly strong massage
穴位解说
天牖穴最早记载于《灵枢·本输》,后续《针灸甲乙经》《备急千金要方》《外台秘要》等古代医术都有相关描述。
《灵枢·寒热病》记载:突发性耳聋伴随头晕眼花、视物模糊时,可以刺激天牖穴来改善。
《针灸甲乙经》第七卷提到:这个穴位能治疗肩背疼痛、寒热交替、颈部淋巴结肿大成串(瘰疬),还能缓解头部胀痛、脸颊疼痛、流眼泪、鼻出血、呼吸困难、嗅觉失灵、头晕目眩以及咽喉肿痛等症状。
《备急千金要方》第三十卷记载:天牖穴对乳房肿胀有治疗效果。
《铜人腧穴针灸图经》第四卷指出:这个穴位擅长缓解头面部浮肿、颈部僵硬无法转动等症状。
《外台秘要》第三十九卷提到:天牖穴可以调理三焦系统(中医指人体的水液代谢系统),改善腹胀、小腹发硬、排尿困难等问题,还能预防积水引发的肿胀。
《针灸大成》第七卷记载:刺激这个穴位能改善夜间噩梦频繁、面色发青发黄没有光泽、眼睛疼痛等症状。
《针灸甲乙经》:
“天牖,主耳聋耳鸣,喉痹,颈项强急。”
Classical Meaning (EN)
SJ-16 is traditionally used for tinnitus, deafness, throat obstruction, and neck stiffness.